Awareness of parents about dental diseases and their prevention in children

The objective of the present study was to determine the level of awareness of parents about dental diseases and their prevention in children. The subjects included 214 parents of the children attending Paedodontics Department, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar for treatment. A questionnaire designed for self-administration was used to collect data so as to evaluate the effects of gender, age and level of education of parents on their awareness. The results showed that more than half of the parents [55%] correctly identified the most important cause of dental caries but only one-fourth [26%] of them were able to identify the most important way to prevent it. Fifty-nine percent [59%] of the participating parents were able to correctly identify the most important cause of gum diseases while 65% know the most important way of their prevention. Nearly two-third of the parents [63%] replied that children should be taken to the dentist regularly for check up even if they don't complain of any problem. Majority of the parents[[82%] showed no knowledge of fluoride. Female parents showed more awareness as compared to their male counterparts. Age and level of education of parents had no effect on the level of awareness except for the knowledge of fluoride, which increased, with increasing level of education it was concluded that the awareness of parents about dental diseases and their prevention in children was not satisfactory and needs to be improved through various measures

Frequency of class II type carious lesions in first permanent molars and their association with pulp

The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of class II type carious lesions in first permanent molars and its possible association with the pulp when examined clinically and radiographically. Two hundred and forty two subjects were examined in the Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar for the presence of Class II type carious lesions in the period of two months. This study showed that 62% subjects had a Class II type carious lesion. In the maxilla, unilateral call II carious lesions were 19% and bilateral 2.5%, while in the mandible, unilateral 36.4% and bilateral 4.1% respectively. The occurrence of class II carious lesion was more in females and in mandibular molars. Regarding pulp exposure, a significant relationship was present between clinical and radiographic examination

Stone clearance and fragmentation after ESWL in operated and non operated patients

A comparative study was conducted in 78 renal stone patients to evaluate the efficacy of ESWL in operated and non operated cases. The operated group consisted of 38 patients whereas non operated group comprised of 40 patients. After ESWL stone fragmentation was 80%, 90% and 96% in the operated group at one, two and three months respectively. In the non operated group stone fragmentation was 86% at one month and 100% at two and three months. In the operated group stone clearance was 8%, 18%,49% at one, two and three months. In the non operated group stone clearance was 7% at one month, 38% at two months and 53% at three months after ESWL. No significant difference in stone fragmentation between the operated and non operated group was found up to three months. The stone clearance was also similar at one month but was significantly lower at two months and again similar at three months in the operated group as compared to the non operated group